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Names Guide
16 авг., 18:51
🇩🇪 HEINRICH KNIRR 2 September 1862 – 26 May 1944Heinrich Knirr was a German painter and art teacher, born on 2 September 1862 in Pančevo, then part of the Austrian Empire and today located in Serbia. He studied at the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna and later at the Academy of Fine Arts Munich. In 1888, he established a private art school in Munich, which became well known and attracted students from Germany and abroad.Knirr was primarily known for portraits, landscapes, genre scenes and still lifes. He later taught at the Munich Academy and became an influential figure in German art education. Among his students were several notable artists, including Paul Klee and Emil Orlik.During the National Socialist period, Knirr became particularly known for his portraits of Adolf Hitler and other prominent figures. His portrait of Hitler painted in 1937 was
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27 июл., 16:18
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23 июл., 15:23
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11 февр., 20:28
🇩🇪 JULIUS SCHAUB 20 August 1898 – 27 December 1967Julius Schaub was born in Munich, in the Kingdom of Bavaria, German Empire. He served as a medical orderly during the First World War. After the war, he became involved in nationalist circles in Munich and joined the National Socialist German Workers’ Party (NSDAP) in the early 1920s. He also participated in the failed Beer Hall Putsch of November 1923 and was briefly imprisoned.Following the re-establishment of the NSDAP, Schaub became one of Adolf Hitler’s earliest and most loyal associates. From 1925 onward, he served as Hitler’s adjutant and personal aide, a role he maintained for nearly two decades. Although he did not play a major role in policymaking, he was responsible for managing Hitler’s personal affairs, correspondence, travel arrangements, and security coordination. Due to his proximity
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30 дек. 2025 г., 18:08изменён
🇮🇹 KING VICTOR EMMANUEL III 11 November 1869 – 28 December 1947Victor Emmanuel III was born in Naples, Kingdom of Italy, on 11 November 1869, the son of King Umberto I and Queen Margherita. He ascended the Italian throne in 1900 following his father’s assassination and ruled for nearly 46 years, making him one of the longest-reigning monarchs in Italian history.During his reign, Italy took part in major historical events, including the Italo-Turkish War, the First World War, and the Second World War. After the First World War, Italy experienced deep political and social instability. In this context, Victor Emmanuel III appointed Benito Mussolini as prime minister in 1922 and allowed the establishment of a Fascist dictatorship. In the late 1930s, Italy aligned itself with Adolf Hitler’s Germany, governed by the National Socialist regime (NSDAP), and
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18 нояб. 2025 г., 17:58изменён
🇩🇪 VICTORIA MELITA 25 November 1876 – 2 March 1936Princess Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha was born on 25 November 1876 at the Grand Ducal Palace in Darmstadt, in the German Empire. A granddaughter of Queen Victoria and Tsar Alexander II, she grew up within a wide network of European royal families and received an education typical for a princess of her era, including languages, arts, and court etiquette.Her first marriage, arranged for dynastic reasons, was to her cousin Ernst Ludwig, Grand Duke of Hesse. The union proved unhappy, and they divorced in 1901. That same year she married Grand Duke Kirill Vladimirovich of Russia, a controversial step within imperial circles but one that defined the second half of her life. After moving into Russian high society, she converted to Orthodoxy and became known as Grand Duchess Victoria Feodorovna.
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24 сент. 2025 г., 20:51изменён
🇮🇹 ALBERTO VASSALLO DI TORREGROSSA 28 December 1865 – 7 September 1959Alberto Vassallo di Torregrossa was born in San Cataldo, Sicily, Italy. He was the son of Baron Rosario Vassallo di Torregrossa and Rosa dei Baroni Torregrossa.He studied at the archiepiscopal minor seminary in Catania, then the San Michele College in Acireale, and later at the Pontifical Roman Seminary, where he earned degrees in theology and both canon and civil law. On 22 September 1888 he was ordained a priest in Caltanissetta, and celebrated his first Mass in the mother church in San Cataldo.Shortly after, in 1889, he entered the Vatican’s ecclesiastical diplomatic training (the Academy of Ecclesiastical Nobles). He held various diplomatic posts: secretary of the nunciature in Munich, auditor at the nunciature in Brussels, and eventually was appointed titular archbishop of
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31 авг. 2025 г., 18:49
🇩🇪 JULIUS DORPMÜLLER 24 July 1869 – 5 July 1945Julius Heinrich Dorpmüller was born on 24 July 1869 in Elberfeld, Germany. He studied engineering and specialized in railway construction, beginning his career with the Prussian State Railways. In the early 20th century, he worked abroad, notably in China on the construction of the Shandong Railway, which strengthened his expertise in international railway projects.In 1926, Dorpmüller became General Director of the Deutsche Reichsbahn, the German National Railway. With the rise of the NSDAP regime, he continued in his position and, in 1937, was appointed Reich Minister of Transport. In this role, he oversaw the expansion of Germany’s railway system during the Second World War, which played a crucial role in the logistics of the regime.After Germany’s defeat in 1945, Dorpmüller remained in office
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17 авг. 2025 г., 10:16изменён
🇩🇪 GERD VON RUNDSTEDT December 1875 – February 1953Gerd von Rundstedt was born on 12 December 1875 in Aschersleben, Germany. Coming from a long line of Prussian military officers, he entered the German Army in 1892 and built a career as a professional officer. During the First World War, he served in staff roles, gaining a reputation as an able strategist.In the interwar years, Rundstedt remained in the Reichswehr, where he advanced to senior positions. With the rise of the National Socialist government, he continued his service in the Wehrmacht. At the beginning of the Second World War, he commanded Army Group South during the invasion of Poland in 1939. In 1940, he led Army Group A in the campaign against France, playing a key role in the rapid German victory. Later, he commanded forces on the Eastern Front, notably during Operation Barbarossa in
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20 июл. 2025 г., 21:16изменён
🇩🇪 FRANZ VON PAPEN October 1879 – May 1969Franz von Papen was born in October 1879 in Werl, in the German Empire. He came from a wealthy Catholic noble family and received military training at the Prussian Military Academy. His early career was in the military and diplomacy; he served as a military attaché in the United States and Mexico before and during World War I.After the war, von Papen entered politics and joined the Catholic Centre Party. In June 1932, he was appointed Chancellor of Germany by President Paul von Hindenburg, despite lacking strong political support. His brief tenure was marked by authoritarian tendencies and efforts to suppress left-wing political forces.Von Papen played a key role in Adolf Hitler’s rise to power. After being replaced as Chancellor, he persuaded Hindenburg to appoint Hitler as Chancellor in January 1933,
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12 июл. 2025 г., 10:32изменён
🇫🇮CARL GUSTAF EMIL MANNERHEIM June 1867 – January 1951Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim was born in June 1867 in Askainen, in the Grand Duchy of Finland, then part of the Russian Empire. Coming from a noble Swedish-speaking Finnish family, he embarked on a military career in the Russian Imperial Army, where he served with distinction for over three decades. His service included time in East Asia during the Russo-Japanese War and a long intelligence-gathering journey through Central Asia and China.After the Russian Revolution, Mannerheim returned to Finland and played a leading role in the Finnish Civil War (1918) as commander of the White forces, helping to secure victory against the Red faction. He later became Finland’s Regent (1918–1919) before briefly stepping away from politics.He returned to national prominence during World War II, serving as the
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12 июл. 2025 г., 10:31изменён
🇩🇪 WILHELM KEITEL September 1882 – October 1946Wilhelm Keitel was born in September 1882 in Helmscherode, in the Duchy of Brunswick, Germany. Coming from a family of landowners, he began his military career in the Imperial German Army in 1901. He steadily rose through the ranks during World War I and remained in the military throughout the Weimar Republic era.With the rise of the National Socialist regime, Keitel became increasingly influential. In 1938, he was appointed Chief of the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (OKW)—the High Command of the Armed Forces—serving as Adolf Hitler’s senior military advisor. Though officially the top military authority under Hitler, Keitel was often seen as compliant and obedient, carrying out Hitler’s directives without opposition. His role included signing numerous orders related to military operations and policies during World War II, including those
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21 июн. 2025 г., 19:46изменён
🇩🇪ERICH VON MANSTEIN November 1887 – June 1973Erich von Manstein was born on November 24, 1887, in Berlin, German Empire. He came from a Prussian aristocratic family with strong military traditions and was adopted by the von Manstein family, which gave him his well-known surname. After graduating from military academies, he served in World War I with distinction and remained in the Reichswehr during the interwar period.During World War II, von Manstein rose to the rank of Generalfeldmarschall and was regarded as one of the most capable strategic minds in the German military. He played a key role in planning the 1940 invasion of France, particularly the breakthrough through the Ardennes. Later, he commanded armies on the Eastern Front, notably during the Siege of Sevastopol and the counteroffensive after the defeat at Stalingrad. His leadership at
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19 июн. 2025 г., 19:04изменён
🇩🇪 FERDINAND PORSCHE September 1875 – January 1951Ferdinand Porsche was born in Maffersdorf, a village in the Austro-Hungarian Empire (present-day Vratislavice nad Nisou, Czech Republic) in September 1875. He was an influential automotive engineer and founder of the Porsche car company. From an early age, he showed a strong interest in electricity and mechanics, eventually working his way into prominent roles within the growing automotive industry.In the early 20th century, Porsche worked for several major manufacturers, including Lohner, Daimler, and Auto Union, contributing to the development of both electric and combustion engine vehicles. One of his most notable early achievements was the Lohner-Porsche, a pioneering hybrid vehicle.In 1931, he established his own engineering firm, Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche GmbH, which developed vehicle designs
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16 июн. 2025 г., 08:40изменён
🇪🇸 FRANCISCO FRANCO 1892 – November 1975Francisco Franco was born in Ferrol, a town in the Galicia region of northwestern Spain, in 1892. He embarked on a military career early in life, graduating from the Infantry Academy in Toledo at the age of 17. Franco rose quickly through the ranks, gaining prominence for his role in the Rif War in Morocco, where he earned a reputation for discipline and effectiveness.By the early 1930s, he became one of Spain’s youngest generals. His staunch conservative and monarchist beliefs aligned with the right-wing factions during Spain’s period of political turmoil. In 1936, after the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War, Franco emerged as one of the leading military figures of the Nationalist side. He eventually became the head of state and commander-in-chief of the Nationalist forces.Following their victory in 1939,
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13 июн. 2025 г., 12:40изменён
🇫🇷 PHILIPPE PÉTAIN 1856 – July 1951Philippe Pétain was born on April 24, 1856, in Cauchy-à-la-Tour, Pas-de-Calais, France. A career military officer, he rose to prominence during World War I, particularly as the hero of the Battle of Verdun in 1916, where his leadership and defensive strategies earned him national acclaim.Following the war, Pétain held various military and political roles, including Marshal of France and Minister of War. However, his legacy took a controversial turn during World War II. After France’s defeat in 1940, Pétain was appointed head of state of Vichy France, a regime that collaborated with the German authorities during their occupation of the country.After the war, he was tried for treason in 1945 and sentenced to death, though the sentence was commuted to life imprisonment due to his age and prior military service. He
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9 июн. 2025 г., 08:13
🇯🇵 HIROSHI OSHIMA 1891 – June 1975Hiroshi Ōshima was born in Gifu Prefecture, Japan, in 1891. He was a prominent Japanese military officer and diplomat, best known for serving as Japan’s ambassador to Germany during the era of the Axis alliance in World War II.Ōshima was fluent in German and developed strong ties with the German military and leadership, particularly during his two terms as ambassador in Berlin (1938–1939 and 1941–1945). He was a fervent supporter of closer Japanese-German cooperation and played a crucial role in the Tripartite Pact. Ōshima acted as an important liaison between the Japanese Empire and the German Reich, often communicating strategic military and political information.Notably, his diplomatic dispatches—intercepted and decrypted by Allied intelligence through the American MAGIC program—provided crucial insights into
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22 мая 2025 г., 13:13изменён
🇩🇪 HJALMAR SCHACHT 1877 – June 1970Hjalmar Schacht was born on January 22, 1877, in Tingleff, then part of the German Empire (now Tinglev, Denmark). He studied economics and philosophy in Kiel, Munich, Berlin, and Paris, and earned a doctorate in political science.Schacht began his career in banking and rose to prominence during World War I as a financial expert. After the war, he played a key role in stabilizing the German currency during the hyperinflation crisis of the early 1920s. He was appointed President of the Reichsbank in 1923 and again in 1933, shortly after the NSDAP came to power. He also served as Minister of Economics from 1934 to 1937, where he was instrumental in implementing policies that helped reduce unemployment and restore industrial production.Although Schacht supported the early economic recovery efforts under Adolf
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22 мая 2025 г., 13:12изменён
🇩🇪ROBERT LEY 1890 – October 1945Robert Ley was born on February 15, 1890, in Niederbreidenbach, within the German Empire. He studied chemistry and earned a doctorate before serving as a pilot in World War I, during which he was captured and became a prisoner of war. After the war, he joined the NSDAP in 1925 and quickly rose through the ranks due to his loyalty to Adolf Hitler and his aggressive support for party ideology.In 1933, following the National Socialist rise to power, Ley was appointed head of the German Labour Front (Deutsche Arbeitsfront, DAF), replacing the trade unions with a state-controlled organization. He oversaw projects like “Strength Through Joy” (Kraft durch Freude), which organized leisure activities and holidays for German workers, as part of a broader strategy to align the workforce with party goals.Despite holding a
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15 мая 2025 г., 08:12изменён
🇩🇪 FRIEDRICH HOSSBACH 1894 – September 1980Friedrich Hossbach was born on November 22, 1894, in Unna, Germany. He was a career officer in the German Army, serving in World War I and continuing through the interwar Reichswehr. By the 1930s, he had become a key aide to Adolf Hitler, serving as his military adjutant.Hossbach is most well known for the Hossbach Memorandum, a document he wrote on November 5, 1937, summarizing a secret meeting between Hitler and several high-ranking military and foreign policy officials. The meeting outlined Hitler’s aggressive expansionist goals, including plans to seize Austria and Czechoslovakia. This document would later be cited as important evidence of premeditated war planning during the Nuremberg Trials.In early 1938, Hossbach fell out of favor for defending General Werner von Fritsch during the
